Neurodiversity: How to support a teenager with ADHD, according to a psychologist

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has gained increased attention in recent months.

Whether that's in the news, in pop culture magazines or even within your own circle of friends, people are becoming increasingly aware of neurodiversity.

At ReachOut, we have seen this trend in the number of parents and young people seeking information about ADHD on our online communities.

Teenager text messaging on mobile phone while being on a break in the classroom. (Getty)

Neurodiversity, which is an umbrella term that captures the experience of Autism, ADHD and more, has consistently been one of the most talked about topics on ReachOut's youth and parents online communities in 2023.

This increased awareness is welcome for people with ADHD, who have been misunderstood and treated unfairly by others due to their condition. That said, it may have raised questions for parents of young people struggling with their attention, focus and impulsivity.

If your teen is struggling with inattention or hyperactivity you might be wondering how you can support them.

In Australia, getting clinical help for your teen with ADHD can be a long and expensive process.

However, there are ways you can help them manage their symptoms without a formal diagnosis.

Managing symptoms at home

Parenting a young person with ADHD can be challenging, and emotions in the home can sometimes run high.

Empower your teen to implement daily routines. This can help to establish regular times for sleep, homework, chores and mealtime, which can be important for busy households.

Remember to remain patient with your teen. Young people with ADHD can sometimes feel like they are struggling alone so it is important they feel loved and supported.

Providing support with school and study

Young people with ADHD can sometimes have trouble with school. Some might find it difficult to concentrate in the classroom or forget to do their homework, which can lead to them falling behind.

Work with your teen to find ways to help them focus and learn. Breaking tasks up into smaller parts and allowing time for rest breaks or physical activity can improve their ability to focus.

Experiment working in 25 - 30 minute blocks, with a five-minute break in between.

Creating the right environment for study can also help your teen to focus. They might find they work better in a distraction-free zone, with no noises or access to their devices, or they might find that music can help them concentrate.

Once you've helped your teen find what works for them it's important to discuss all of these learnings and considerations with the school counsellor, or your teen's year advisor or homeroom teacher.

Before you do so, make sure you chat to your teen about this and involve them when it comes time to develop a learning plan.

Nurturing relationships

Teens with ADHD can also experience difficulties with their social skills and might need support with building and maintaining relationships. Demonstrate what positive behaviour with others looks like by treating others with kindness.

You might also want to practise dealing with challenging social situations, such as disagreements with friends or teachers. By talking through the solutions ahead of time you can help them to respond more effectively in the moment.

Finally, encourage your teen to engage in some extracurricular activities. This will let them practise their social skills and help to build their confidence.

Seeking further support

While mental health professionals like psychologists, social workers, counsellors and peer workers can't prescribe medication for ADHD, they can help your teen manage their symptoms.

A mental health professional can listen to any thoughts or challenges your teen is facing, including any experiences of anxiety and depression, which can worsen ADHD. They can also support your teen with anything they might not feel comfortable sharing with you or someone they know.

If you are looking at connecting with a mental health professional your GP is your first port-of-call. They will be able to connect you with the most appropriate services for your needs.

Look after yourself

Make sure that you are taking the time to prioritise your own needs alongside your families.

Supporting your family and a teen with ADHD can take a lot of work. Do things to fill your own cup, whether that's indulging in an episode of your favourite show, going for a walk or connecting with friends.

Make sure you're taking time out for yourself so that you can recharge your batteries. Remember, you don't have to go it alone. If you need extra help, reach out to other family members, friends, community leaders, or a GP or mental health professional.

Parenting a teen with ADHD isn't always easy. However, there is also a lot to celebrate about your teen's condition.

Many of the behaviours attributed to ADHD can also be strengths that provide lifelong benefits, these include increased creativity, hyperfocus and resilience.

By adjusting the way you view their condition you can make it easier on both you and your teen.

Be their ally, and their biggest supporter - this type of encouragement will affirm to your teen that the unique way their brain works is a positive thing.

Linda Williams is the Clinical Lead and Senior Psychologist at leading youth mental health service, ReachOut.

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